Giving back: Bob Hope and and Doris Day appeared with Santa in Hollywood in 1948 the day before he performed in Berlin for troops working on the airlift
Coming together: Frank Sinatra and his family came together with Dean Martin and his family for a 1967 appearance on the 'Dean Martin Show'
Santa, baby: Marilyn Monroe posed in her stockings for this seductive 1951 photo. That year she was voted 'the present all GI's would like to find in their Christmas stocking'
Pretty as a present: Shirley Temple modeled a new Christmas dress in this 1935 photo
Actor Glenn Ford, left, dressed up as Santa Claus, along with four other actors, for the 1949 film 'Mr Soft Touch'
Naughty and nice: Ida Lupino, a Warner Brothers star, spanks Saint Nick in this 1942 photo. Meanwhile, actress Jayne Mansfield danced with U.S. soldiers stationed in Canada for a Christmas 1961 appearance
Peace on Earth: John Lennon and Yoko Ono bought a large billboard in Times Square in 1969 declaring that 'War is over if you want it'
Silly Santa: Bob Hope is seen with actress Helen Wood in this 1938 gagshot of him climbing out of a chimney
All I want for Christmas is you: Actress Anne Jeffreys pops out of a package in this 1946 photo
Cheek-to-cheek: Audrey Hepburn cuddled up to Santa Claus in this 1953 photo of the glamorous star
Multicultural: Diana Doris, a British actress, is seen in 1947 with a Christmas greeting written in French
1. Guaita Fortress, San Marino
Guaita fortress, located on Guaita peak and overlooking the city of San Marino, is an iconic image of this micro country embraced by Italy. The fortress was constructed in the 11th century and served as a prison for some time. Guaita is one of the Three Towers of San Marino, located on the three peaks of Monte Titano. The towers are depicted on the San Marino's national flag and its coat of arms. [link, map]
2. Church of Katskhi Pillar, Georgia
This is Katskhi Pillar. It abruptly rises 40 meters (130 ft) from the hills of Central Georgia and looks similar to a giant’s club. In the 4th century, Georgia adapted Christianity as its state religion, and Katskhi Pillar became the site of a small church first built in the 7th century. One Georgian monk has been living in it for nearly 20 years now. It is also interesting that women are not allowed to climb to the top. [link, map]
3. Bled Castle, Slovenia
Bled castle is a medieval castle built on a precipice above the city of Bled in Slovenia, overlooking Lake Bled. According to written sources, it is the oldest Slovenian castle and is currently one of the most visited tourist attractions in Slovenia. This castle is situated on top of a steep cliff that rises 130 meters (425 ft) above the glacial Lake Bled and it is a symbol of Bled and Slovenia. [link, map]
4. Monastery of the Holy Trinity, Greece
The Holy Trinity Monastery is an Orthodox monastery in central Greece. The monastery is one of six functioning monasteries in Meteora. It is the oldest among those present at Meteora, having been built in 1476. This monastery sits on a tall rock 400 m (1,300 ft) in height.
In the old days, access to this monastery was via a net and rope ladder. Today, entrance to the monastery is gained by climbing 140 steps cut into the pinnacle rock. It was richly decorated and had precious manuscripts; however, these treasures were looted during World War II. [link, map]
5. Swallow's Nest, Ukraine
The Swallow's Nest is a decorative castle near Yalta on the Crimean peninsula in southern Ukraine. It was built between 1911 and 1912 in Gaspra, on top of 40-metre (130 ft) high Aurora Cliff, to a Neo-Gothic design by the Russian architect Leonid Sherwood. The castle overlooks the Cape of Ai-Todor of the Black Sea and is located near the remnants of the Roman castrum of Charax. Swallow's Nest is one of the most popular visitor attractions in Crimea, becoming the symbol of Crimea's southern coastline. [link, map]
6. O'Brien's Tower, Ireland
O'Brien's Tower marks the highest point of the Cliffs of Moher in Ireland. The tower was built on the cliffs in 1835 by local landlord Sir Cornellius O'Brien as an observation tower for the hundreds of Victorian tourists that frequented the cliffs at the time.
The Cliffs of Moher rise 120 metres (390 ft) above the Atlantic Ocean at Hag's Head, and reach their maximum height of 214 metres (702 ft) just north of O'Brien's Tower. The cliffs receive almost one million visitors a year. [link1, link2, map]
7. Capo Caccia Lighthouse, Italy
The lighthouse of Capo Caccia is located in a stunning location high atop spectacular cliffs (110 m or 360 ft height) overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, 25 kilometers (15 mi) from the community of Alghero on the north-west coast of the island of Sardinia, in Italy. The history of the lighthouse dates back to 1864, and over the years its lantern has been lit with a variety of fuels, including acetylene and oil, until 1961 when it was electrified. The lighthouse also serves as a landing light for the nearby Alghero airport. [link, map]
8. Montfort Castle, Israel
Montfort is a ruined crusader castle in the Upper Galilee region in northern Israel, about 22 miles (35 km) northeast of the city of Haifa and 10 miles (16 km) south of the border with Lebanon. The fortress is built on a narrow and steep cliff above the southern bank of Nahal Kziv (stream in northern Israel). The site is now a national park inside the Nahal Kziv nature reserve, and it constitutes an important spot of tourism and attracts many tourists both from inside and outside Israel. [link, map]
9. Varlaam Monastery, Greece
The Varlaam Monastery in Meteora is one of four active male monasteries in the Meteora monastery complex in Greece. It is the second largest monastery in the monastic community. This monastery is situated on a rocky promontory that is 373 meters (1,200 ft) high.
In 1350, an ascetic monk named Varlaam climbed this great rock and settled at the top. He built three churches, a cell for himself and a water tank. No one chose to follow his lead, so after his death the site was abandoned. The buildings fell into ruin for almost 200 years until 1517, when two rich priest-monks, Theophanes and Nektarios Apsarades from Ioanina, ascended the rock and founded a monastery. [link1, link2, map]
10. Lichtenstein Castle, Germany
Lichtenstein is a fantastic castle precariously perched high on the side of a cliff near Honau in the Swabian Alps, Baden-Wurttemberg in Germany. It was built between 1840 and 1842 by Count Wilhelm of Württemberg. Wilhelm was inspired by a novel popular at the time called Lichtenstein, a romantic portrayal of the region's chivalric warriors in the Middle Ages. The castle is famous for its large collection of historic weapons, armor and treasures. And although it is situated on quite a pristine place - nowadays the castle is a popular spot for weddings. [link, map]
11. Split Rock Lighthouse, USA
Split Rock Lighthouse is a lighthouse located southwest of Silver Bay, Minnesota, USA on the North Shore of Lake Superior. It is built on a 130-foot (40 m) sheer cliff, eroded by wave action. This very spectacular lighthouse was completed by the U.S. Lighthouse Service in 1910. Because of its picturesque form and location, it has been the subject of many photographs and postcards. [link, map]
1. Red Sands Fort, UK
The seven towers of Red Sands were placed approximately six miles off Minster, Isle of Sheppey in the Thames Estuary, over the period July 23rd to September 3rd 1943. The forts were designed to house various gun installations to combat the twin threats of enemy aircraft and E-boats (fast warships).
The forts were not a popular posting and were abandoned wholesale by the military at the end of the war after which ownership became a matter of opinion as they were generally considered to be situated in international waters and not subject to any particular mainland jurisdiction. [link, map]2. No Man's Land Fort, UK
No Man's Land Fort was a fort built in the Solent as part of the Palmerston Forts. It is 2.2 km (1.37 mi) off the coast of the Isle of Wight and built between the years 1867 and 1880 to protect Portsmouth. It was built for a cost of £462,500, which if adjusted for inflation is equivalent to £43,391,356 ($67,783,806) at 2010 prices.
No Man's Land Fort has been used as a luxury home/hospitality centre for high-paying guests - due to the privacy it offers - with an indoor swimming pool and two helipads. In July 2004, Legionella bacteria found in the hotel's water system forced its closure. The Fort was put up for sale in 2005 and again in 2007, but the company collapsed. [link, map]3. Fort Jefferson, Florida, USA
Fort Jefferson is an unincorporated community and abandoned sea fort in Monroe County, Florida, United States. It is located on Garden Key in the lower Florida Keys within the Dry Tortugas National Park, about 70 miles (110 km) west of the island of Key West. Fort Jefferson is a massive but unfinished fortress. It is the largest masonry structure in the Western Hemisphere, and is composed of over 16 million bricks. Construction began in 1846 and lasted for 30 years.
Fort Jefferson was built to protect one of the most strategic deepwater anchorages in North America. By fortifying this spacious harbor, the United States maintained an important “advance post” for ships patrolling the Gulf of Mexico and the Straits of Florida. [link1, link2, map]4. HM Fort Roughs (Principality of Sealand), UK
HM Fort Roughs was one of several World War II installations that were designed by Guy Maunsell and known collectively as Maunsell Sea Forts, and its purpose was to guard the port of Harwich, Essex. The naval fort is situated on Rough Sands, a sandbar located approximately six miles from the coast of Suffolk and eight miles from the coast of Essex. It is today the self-proclaimed and unrecognised state, the Principality of Sealand.
Fort Roughs was constructed in 1942. It comprised a floating pontoon base with a superstructure of two hollow towers joined by a deck upon which other structures could be added. The pontoon was reinforced concrete measuring 168 by 88 feet (51 by 27 m). The fort was topped by a gun deck, an upper deck and a central tower unit which housed the radar equipment. The twin towers were divided into seven floors that provided dining and sleeping accommodation and storage areas for generators and munitions. [link, map]5. Murud-Janjira, India
Murud-Janjira is the local name for a fort situated in the Raigad district of Maharashtra, India. It was occupied by the Siddis and is famous for being the only fort along India's Western coast that remained undefeated despite Dutch, Maratha and English East India Company attacks.
Murud-Janjira Fort is situated on an oval-shaped rock off the Arabian Sea coast near the port town of Murud, 165 km (103 mi) south of Mumbai. Janjira is considered one of the strongest marine forts in India. The fort is approached by sailboats from Rajapuri jetty. The main gate of the fort faces Rajapuri on the shore and can be seen only when one is quite close to it. It has a small postern gate towards the open sea for escape. [link, map]6. Fort Pampus, Netherlands
Pampus is an artificial island and fort located in the IJmeer near Amsterdam. It was completed in 1895 as part of the Defence Line of Amsterdam. In 1996 it was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the Defence Line.
In 2007, the fortress was partially restored. It is open to the public from April to October. It can be reached by a ferry from Muiden or by private vessel. [link, map]7. Fort Boyard, France
Fort Boyard is a fort located between the Île-d'Aix and the Île d'Oléron in the Pertuis d'Antioche straits, on the west coast of France. Though a fort on Boyard bank was suggested as early as the 17th century, it was not until the 1800s under Napoleon Bonaparte that work began. Building started in 1801 and was completed in 1857.
Fort Boyard is oval-shaped, 80 metres (260 ft) long and 40 m (130 ft) wide. The walls were built 20 m (66 ft) high. At the centre is a yard, and the ground floor provided stores and quarters for the men and officers. The floor above contained casemates for the emplacements of guns and further quarters. Above that were facilities for barbette guns and mortars. [link, map]8. Fort Alexander, Russia
Fort Alexander is a naval fortress on artificial island in the Gulf of Finland near St. Petersburg and Kronstadt. In 1899–1917, the fort housed the research laboratory on plague and other bacterial diseases.
It is an oval-shaped building with a yard in its center. The building measures 90 meters (295 ft) by 60 meters (197 ft), with three floors. The overall floor space is over 5000 sq. meters (1.24 acres). The room in the fort was sufficient to hold a garrison of up to 1000 men. There are 103 cannon ports with additional space on the roof for 34 guns. [link, map]9. Fort Louvois, France
Fort Louvois is a sea fort built on a submerged rock between Oléron Island and the Marennes Basin. It was built from 1691 to 1694 according to plans drawn up by Vauban, the famous military engineer who served under Louis XIV. Taking the form of a horseshoe-shaped outer wall with a central tower protected by a drawbridge and moat, the fort is reminiscent of a medieval castle.
Fort Louvois was designed to protect the southern approach to the Charente estuary by catching enemy ships in a crossfire with the citadel at Oléron. This prevented an enemy from sailing up the river to attack the naval dockyards at Rochefort. At low tide, the fort is connected to the mainland by a 400-metre (1.300 ft) long causeway. [link, map]10. Flakfortet, Denmark
Flakfortet is a military based sea fortress that was abandoned back in the 60′s located on the artificially built island of Saltholmreb, in Oresund between Copenhagen and Malmo, about 45 minutes sailing from Copenhagen. The fortress is constructed at a seabed 23 feet (7 meters) below the water surface, at the northern meeting point of the straits Kongedybet and Hollaenderdybet.
Flakfortet was built from 1910 to 1915 as part of Copenhagen’s sea-fortifications partly from material excavated from Frihavnen. It was the largest sea fortress in the world, and remains the largest completely man-made true island with the area, including wave breakers, of approximately 70 000 sq meters (17.3 acres). [link, map]
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