24 de setembro de 2012 |
Cenas da China
Próxima segunda-feira a China celebra o Dia Nacional de como o país se prepara para uma transição política, que vai ver os novos líderes que tomam o comando da sociedade, talvez, do mundo mais dinâmico. Parece um momento oportuno para olhar a vida em中国, o Reino Médio. Mudança e progresso ter vindo em um ritmo vertiginoso no último par de décadas, fazendo com que a República Popular da China, politicamente, culturalmente, economicamente, e militarmente um jogador poder no cenário mundial. Muitas questões desafiar o governo de entrada. Uma disputa territorial com o Japão sobre algumas ilhas de Taiwan está a abrir velhas feridas da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Um escândalo de corrupção e assassinato envolvendo um alto funcionário vem em um momento embaraçoso. E a economia do país juggernaut se encontra no 11 º mês consecutivo de estagnação. Mas, ao mesmo tempo, uma sociedade cada vez mais colorido celebra o despertar contínuo vibrante transformar a maior população do mundo. Reunidos aqui são imagens fornecem um vislumbre da vida de muitas partes do país, incluindo Hong Kong - que agora está sob controle continente há 15 anos. - Pista Turner ( 44 total de fotos )
Um ator executa uma reencenação das batalhas do Exército Vermelho e do início da Longa Marcha em Jinggangshan, China em 20 de setembro de 2012. Em 1927, os líderes comunistas fugiram com alguns milhares de apoiantes para as colinas de Jinggangshan, perseguidos e em desvantagem por forças nacionalistas. (Carlos Barria / Reuters)
Liu Yang, primeiro astronauta da China feminino, ondas como ela sai da cápsula de reentrada da Shenzhou China nove espaçonaves em Siziwang Banner, Região Autônoma da Mongólia Interior em 29 de junho de 2012. China Shenzhou 9 espaçonave colocar a primeira mulher do país no espaço e completaram um teste de encaixe tripulados crítica à sua meta de construir uma estação espacial em 2020. (China Daily / Reuters) #
Um pai carrega uma carteira escolar como uma criança carrega um banco para o primeiro dia de aula em uma aldeia em Macheng, China, onde mais de 3000 outros alunos tem que trazer suas próprias mesas para a escola. Crianças chinesas gastam uma média de 8,6 horas por dia na escola, com alguns passar 12 horas em sala de aula, de acordo com uma pesquisa de 2007. (Stringer / AFP / GettyImages) #
Um vendedor está no chão enquanto espera por clientes em Kashgar, em Xinjiang Uigur Região Autónoma em 9 de setembro de 2012. (Stringer / Reuters) #
Edifícios residenciais estão na área de Tin Shui Wai em Hong Kong em 3 de março de 2012. (Jerome Favre / Bloomberg News) #
Parentes de ativistas de Hong Kong ficar nas janelas do seu barco em Victoria de Hong Kong porto em 22 de agosto de 2012 após seu retorno do Japão. Os ativistas pró-Pequim que navegaram ao Senkuki disputada ou ilhas Diaoyu foram deportados do Japão em 17 de agosto após o desembarque na ilha. (Philippe Lopez / AFP / GettyImages) #
Hong Kong Chefe Executivo Leung Chun-ying (centro) abre uma urna em um centro de contagem de votos em Hong Kong em 10 de setembro de 2012. Eleitores de Hong Kong foram às urnas em 09 de setembro nas eleições legislativas vistas como um teste crucial para o governo de Pequim-backed, como chamadas para a democracia plena crescer e desencanto com o governo chinês surtos. (Philippe Lopez / AFP / GettyImages) #
Manifestantes manter sua posição durante um processo de despejo da sede do banco HSBC em Hong Kong em 11 de setembro de 2012. Hong Kong "Ocupar" os manifestantes entraram em confronto com os oficiais de justiça que começaram a despejá-los de seu acampamento. (Philippe Lopez / AFP / GettyImages) #
Um manifestante grita perto do consulado japonês durante um protesto no aniversário de 81 da invasão japonesa da China, em Xangai em 18 de setembro de 2012. Empresas japonesas fechou centenas de lojas e plantas e da embaixada do país suspendeu os serviços na China como anti-Japão protestos se enfureceu. (Carlos Barria / Reuters) #
An observation tower is a structure used to view events from a long distance and to create a full 360 degree range of vision. They are usually at least 20 metres (65.6 ft) tall and made from stone, iron, and wood. The towers first appeared in Germany at the end of the 18th century, and their numbers steadily increased, especially after the invention of the elevator.
1. Euromast, Netherlands
Euromast is an observation tower in Rotterdam, Netherlands, designed by Hugh Maaskant constructed between 1958 and 1960. It was specially built for the 1960 Floriade (an international exhibition of flowers and gardening), and is a listed monument since 2010. The tower is a concrete structure with an internal diameter of 9 m (30 ft) and a wall thickness of 0,3 m (1 ft).
For stability it is built on a concrete block of 1,900,000 kg (4,200,000 lb) so that the centre of gravity is below ground. It has a "crow's nest" observation platform 96 m (315 ft) above-ground and a restaurant. Originally 101 m (331 ft) in height it was the tallest building in Rotterdam. It lost this position for a while, but regained it when the Space Tower was added to the top of the building in 1970, giving an additional 85 m (279 ft). Euromast is a member of the World Federation of Great Towers. [link, map]
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2. Korkeasaari Lookout Tower, Finland
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3. Bird Observation Tower, Germany
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4. Pyramidenkogel Tower, Austria
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5. Baumwipfelpfad Observation Tower, Germany
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6. Swan Bells Observation Tower, Australia
Swan Bells, with copper sails and modern glass bell tower link |
7. Rainforest Observation Tower, Panama
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The centre of the tower is made up of a spiral stairway built around a central 12-inch (30 cm) wide tube, which is so solid that it was used as a crane during the construction process. It has four triangular or hexagonal platforms, the highest of which provides a view out over the whole of the forest canopy. The intermediate platforms provide views of the undergrowth and mid-levels of the forest, each of which has its own environment and fauna. The framework itself, made from eight-inch-wide (20 cm) tubes, is made up of triangle shapes reminiscent of the petals of an enormous flower. [link, map]
8. Skylon Tower, Canada
The Skylon Tower, in Niagara Falls, Ontario, is an observation tower that overlooks both the American Falls, New York and the larger Horseshoe Falls, Ontario from the Canadian side of the Niagara River.
Standing at 160 metres (520 ft) from street level and 236 metres (775 ft) from the bottom of the falls, the tower required approval from both Canadian and United States air transport authorities, due to its proximity to the international boundary. It was the second tower to be built using the slipform method, in which concrete is continually poured into a form moving slowly up the tower. [link, map]
9. Bostoren, Netherlands
In a forest in the east of the Netherlands one of the best architecture offices in the Netherlands has built a new lookout tower. The structure is part of a small park in the vicinity of the village Putten. The concept that the architect, SeARCH, has put forward works like this: take a circular piece of the forest and put it 36 meters (120 ft) up in the sky. From this elevated ground there is a 360 degree view over the forest, in which cities like Amersfoort appear at the horizon.
As the tower is not only located in the forest, but is actually a part of it, the tower has been named 'Bostoren'; Forest Tower. To maintain the little forest in the air, the lookout platform has been fitted with soil, a layer of it. There where the trees have been positioned, the soil has some more depth. As trees grow as big as their roots, the landscape architects expect the trees to not grow that high. The forest at the platform will be a kind of Bonzai forest. It is engineered smallness. [link]
10. Lookout Tower Poledník, Czech Republic
The Poledník lookout tower was transformed from the former radar tower located in the inaccessible border zone. Poledník mountain is one of the highest peaks of the Šumava mountains (altitude of 1315 m). In 1960's large military premises with the concrete tower were built on top of Poledník mountain.
The army abandoned the premises after 1989, some of the buildings were demolished, the tower underwent reconstruction and a cabin with a snack-bar was attached thereto. The lookout tower was opened to public in July 1998. Poledník is accessible along the red-marked tourist path from Prášily (village). The tower is open from some 15th May to 15th October and the entrance fee is 0,8€ (1$). [link, map]
11. Clingmans Dome Observation Tower, USA
The observation tower on the summit of Clingmans Dome (a mountain in the Great Smoky Mountains of Tennessee and North Carolina) offers spectacular 360° views of the Smokies and beyond for visitors willing to climb the steep half-mile walk to the tower at the top.
On clear days views expand over a 100 miles (160 km). Unfortunately, air pollution often limits viewing distances to under 20 miles (30 km). Clingmans Dome Observation Tower is 54 feet high (16,5 m) and it is popular tourist destination. [link, map]
12. Killesberg Tower, Germany
This tower is located in the Killesbergpark, an urban public park of half a square kilometre (123 acres) in Stuttgart, Germany. Completed in 2000 this building is an observation tower, 40m (130 ft) high overlooking the park. It is cable-stayed tower construction designed by Jörg Schlaich, using cable-stayed bridge technology. [link, map]
13. Glasgow Tower, UK
Glasgow Tower is a free-standing tower located on the south bank of the River Clyde in Glasgow, Scotland and forms part of Glasgow Science Centre complex. At 127 metres (415 ft) tall the Glasgow Tower is currently the tallest tower in Scotland and the second tallest free-standing structure after Inverkip Power Station. It holds a Guinness World Record for being the tallest tower in the world in which the whole structure is capable of rotating 360 degrees.
The whole structure rests upon a 65 centimetre (25 inches) diameter thrust bearing, and is not connected to its foundations, merely resting in a 15 meter (50 ft) deep caison, this allows it to rotate under computer control to face into the wind. The tower has two elevators each with a 12 person capacity, but this is normally limited to 6 guests plus a single member of staff for reasons of comfort. There is also an emergency staircase, comprising 523 stairs from the Cabin level to the Podium. [link, map]
14. Petřín Lookout Tower, Czech Republic
The Petřín Lookout Tower is a 60 metre (197 ft) high steel framework tower in Prague, which strongly resembles the Eiffel Tower. Although it is much shorter than the Eiffel Tower, it stands atop a sizable hill, Petřín, so the top is actually at a higher altitude than that of the Eiffel Tower. The Petřín Lookout Tower was built in 1891 and was used as an observation tower as well as a transmission tower. Today the Petřín Lookout Tower is a major tourist attraction. [link, map]
This observation tower rises over the river Mur at the Austrian border with Slovenia. The aluminium-clad structure staircase curls back on itself at the top, forming a double spiral so that visitors on the way up pass those on the way down.
8. Skylon Tower, Canada
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9. Bostoren, Netherlands
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10. Lookout Tower Poledník, Czech Republic
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11. Clingmans Dome Observation Tower, USA
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12. Killesberg Tower, Germany
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13. Glasgow Tower, UK
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14. Petřín Lookout Tower, Czech Republic
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15. Murturm Nature Observation Tower, Austria
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